Chichen Itza, one of the New Seven Wonders of the World, is a must-visit destination for anyone fascinated by history, archaeology, or natural beauty. Located in Mexico’s Yucatán Peninsula, this ancient Mayan city attracts millions of tourists each year.
Best Places for Visiting Chichen Itza
In this comprehensive guide, we delve into the top 10 places you absolutely must visit while you’re at Chichen Itza. Prepare yourself for an unforgettable journey through time and culture.
1. El Castillo (The Pyramid of Kukulcan)
No trip to Chichen Itza would be complete without marveling at El Castillo, also known as the Pyramid of Kukulcan. This 30-meter-high pyramid is not only an architectural masterpiece but also a calendar in stone.
Each of its four sides has 91 steps, adding up to 364, plus the platform at the top makes 365—equivalent to the days in a year.
2. Great Ball Court
Step into the world of ancient Mayan sports at the Great Ball Court. Measuring 168 meters in length and 70 meters in width, it’s the largest ball court in Mesoamerica. The acoustics are so precise that a whisper at one end can be heard clearly at the other end.
3. Temple of the Warriors
This grand temple is surrounded by columns carved with depictions of warriors. It offers insights into the Mayan military and religious practices. At the top, you’ll find a Chac Mool statue holding a bowl, where offerings to the gods were placed.
4. El Caracol (The Observatory)
Named for its spiral staircase, El Caracol served as an ancient observatory. The windows align with the positions of Venus at different times of the year, demonstrating the Mayans’ advanced understanding of astronomy.
5. Cenote Sagrado
This natural sinkhole was a place of sacrifice to the rain god, Chac. Skeletons and valuable items like gold and jade have been found at the bottom. The water is believed to be sacred and was used in various Mayan ceremonies.
6. Tzompantli (Skull Platform)
This eerie platform features rows of stone-carved skulls, serving as a grim reminder of the human sacrifices carried out by the Mayans. It provides a raw look into the darker aspects of Mayan culture.
7. La Iglesia and Las Monjas
Located in the southern part of Chichen Itza, La Iglesia and Las Monjas are examples of the Puuc architectural style. The buildings are adorned with intricate stone mosaics and carvings, representing gods and mythical creatures.
8. Cenote Xtoloc
Unlike Cenote Sagrado, Cenote Xtoloc was used for everyday activities like bathing and fishing. It’s less crowded, offering a more peaceful experience. The surrounding area is abundant in flora and fauna, making it perfect for nature enthusiasts.
9. Group of the Thousand Columns
Once thought to support a vast roof system, these columns are another marvel of Mayan architecture. They are adorned with carvings of warriors, priests, and gods, and serve as a corridor linking the Temple of the Warriors to other parts of the city.
10. Mercado (The Market)
The Mercado gives visitors an idea of the trading activities that took place in ancient times. While the original wares have long since been replaced, the large open area shows the scale at which trade and commerce occurred.
Tips for Visiting Chichen Itza
When planning your visit, remember that Chichen Itza can get quite hot. Bring sunscreen, water, and hats for protection. Also, the site can get crowded, so an early start is recommended.
Historical Background: The Significance of Chichen Itza in Mayan Civilization
Understanding the history of Chichen Itza adds layers of significance to your visit. Founded in the 6th century, the city reached its peak from the Late Classic period (around 600 AD) through the Terminal Classic (800 to 900 AD) and into the early portion of the Postclassic period (900 to 1200 AD).
It was a melting pot of Mayan and Toltec cultures, and this cultural fusion is evident in the variety of architectural styles.
Conclusion
Visiting Chichen Itza is akin to stepping into a time machine. With each of these 10 places offering a unique glimpse into the fascinating Mayan culture, your trip is sure to be nothing short of awe-inspiring. So pack your bags, and set off on an adventure that promises to be as educational as it is exhilarating.